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    • 专利摘要:
    SYSTEM CONFIGURED FOR MONITORING AN INDIVIDUAL'S BREATH AND METHOD FOR MONITORING AN INDIVIDUAL'S BREATHING Sidestream gas sampling for the determination of information related to the composition of gas in or near an individual's airway is implemented. From such information, one or more breathing parameters of the subject 12 (eg, respiratory rate, final CO2 current, etc.) are determined, respiratory events (eg, obstructions, apneas, etc.) are identified, the malfunction and/or misuse of equipment is identified and/or functions are performed. To improve the accuracy of one or more of these determinations, pressure-related information in or near the individual's airway is implemented. This information may include sensing pressure at or near a sidestream sampling cell.
    公开号:BR112012010171B1
    申请号:R112012010171-4
    申请日:2010-10-11
    公开日:2021-04-20
    发明作者:Joseph Allen Orr；Michael Brian Jaffe
    申请人:Koninklijke Philips N.V.；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    HISTORY OF THE INVENTION DOMAIN OF THE INVENTION
    The invention relates to monitoring the breathing of a subject with the implementation of a sidestream sampling chamber within which the gas composition is detected. DESCRIPTION OF RELATED TECHNIQUE
    Systems that sample the gas composition in a breathing circuit in a side current configuration are known. Detection of gas composition in these systems is typically used to determine one or more respiration parameters. However, it is generally believed that information related to pressure or flow within the sidestream sampling chambers is not useful in enhancing and/or allowing the determination of respiration parameters, as the sidestream chambers are usually pumped for gas sampling from the breathing circuit to the chamber. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    One aspect of the invention relates to a system configured for monitoring an individual's breathing. In one embodiment, the system comprises a sample cell, a composition detector, a pressure detector and one or more processors. The sample cell is in fluid communication with a conduit, which conduit is placed in fluid communication with the subject's airway by an interface device that involves the subject's airway, and in which the sample cell is configured for exhaustion of gases received in the duct sample cell. The composition detector is configured to generate output signals which carry information relating to the composition of gas received in the sample cell of the conduit. The pressure detector is configured to generate output signals that carry information related to the pressure inside the conduit. The one or more processors are configured to execute the computer program modules. The one or more computer program modules comprise an interface classification module, and a respiration parameter module. The interface classification module is configured to determine an interface device type of the interface device based on the output signals generated by the pressure detector. The respiration parameter module is configured for determination of one or more respiration parameters based on the output signals generated by the composition detector, and based on the determination by the interface rating module of the device interface device type. interface.
    Another aspect of the invention relates to a method of monitoring the breathing of an individual. In one embodiment, the method comprises receiving gas in a sample cell of a conduit, which conduit is placed in fluid communication with the subject's airway by an interface device that surrounds the subject's airway; generating output signals that carry information relating to the gas composition received in the duct sample cell; the generation of output signals that carry information related to the pressure inside the conduit; executing one or more computer program modules in one or more processors to determine an interface apparatus type of the interface apparatus based on the output signals that carry the pressure-related information within the conduit; and executing one or more computer program modules in one or more processors for determining one or more respiration parameters based on the output signals that carry information relating to the composition of the gas received in the conduit sample cell. , and based on the determination of the interface device type of the interface device.
    Yet another aspect of the invention relates to a system configured for monitoring an individual's breathing. In one embodiment, the system comprises means for receiving gas in a sample cell of a conduit, which conduit is placed in fluid communication with the subject's airway by an interface apparatus that surrounds the subject's airway; means for generating output signals that carry information relating to the gas composition received in the sample cell of the conduit; means for generating output signals that carry information relating to pressure within the conduit; means for determining a type of interfacing apparatus of the interfacing apparatus based on output signals carrying information relating to the pressure within the conduit; and means for determining one or more respiration parameters based on the output signals carrying information relating to the composition of the gas received in the duct sample cell, and based on determining the type of interface device of the device. interface.
    Yet another aspect of the invention relates to a system configured for monitoring an individual's breathing. In one embodiment, the system comprises a sample cell, a composition detector, a pressure detector and one or more processors. The sample cell is in fluid communication with a conduit that communicates with the individual's airway, and is configured to exhaust gases received in the conduit sample cell. The composition detector is configured to generate output signals that carry information relating to the composition of gas received in the duct sample cell. The pressure detector is configured to generate output signals that carry information related to the pressure inside the conduit. The one or more processors are configured to execute the computer program modules. The one or more computer program modules comprise a breath identification module, and a breath parameters module. The breath identification module is configured for breath identification based on output signals generated by the pressure detector. The breath parameter module is configured to determine one or more breath parameters based on the output signals generated by the composition detector, and based on the breath identified by the breath identification module.
    Yet another aspect of the invention relates to a method of monitoring the breathing of an individual. In one embodiment, the method comprises receiving gas in a sample cell of a conduit that communicates with an individual's airway; generating output signals that carry information relating to the gas composition received in the duct sample cell; the generation of output signals that carry information related to the pressure inside the conduit; executing one or more computer program modules in one or more processors to identify a breath based on output signals that carry information related to pressure within the conduit; and executing one or more computer program modules in one or more processors for determining one or more respiration parameters based on the output signals that carry information relating to the composition of the gas received in the conduit sample cell. , and based on the identified breath.
    Another aspect of the invention relates to a system configured for monitoring an individual's breathing. In one embodiment, the system comprises means for receiving gas in a sample cell of a conduit that communicates with an individual's airway; means for generating output signals that carry information relating to the gas composition received in the sample cell of the conduit; means for generating output signals that carry information relating to pressure within the conduit; means for identifying the breath based on the output signals carrying the information relating to the pressure within the conduit; and means for determining one or more respiration parameters based on the output signals carrying information relating to the composition of the gas received in the duct sample cell, and based on the identified respiration.
    These and other objects, aspects and features of the present invention, as well as the methods of operation and functions of elements related to the structure and combination of parts and manufacturing economies, will become more apparent after consideration of the following description and the appended claims with reference to the accompanying drawings, all of which are part of this specification, in which like reference numerals designate corresponding parts in the various figures. In one embodiment of the invention, the structural components illustrated here are drawn to scale. It is to be expressly understood, however, that the drawings are for illustration and description purposes only, and are not a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, it can be stated that the structural features shown or described in any of the embodiments herein can also be used in other embodiments. It is to be expressly understood, however, that the drawings are for the purposes of illustration and description only, and are not intended to be a definition of the limits of the invention. As used in the specification and claims, the singular forms “a”, “an”, “the” and “a” include plural referents, unless the context clearly specifies otherwise. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    FIG. 1 illustrates a system configured for monitoring an individual's breathing, in accordance with one or more embodiments of the invention.
    FIG. 2 illustrates pressure and flow graphs in a sidestream sampling chamber, in accordance with one or more embodiments of the invention.
    FIG. 3 illustrates pressure and flow graphs in a sidestream sampling chamber, in accordance with one or more embodiments of the invention.
    FIG. 4 illustrates graphs of sample cell pressure during mechanical and spontaneous ventilation, in accordance with one or more embodiments of the invention.
    FIG. 5 illustrates graphs of CO2 during mechanical and spontaneous ventilation, in accordance with one or more embodiments of the invention.
    FIG. 6 illustrates pressure and flow graphs in a sidestream sampling chamber, in accordance with one or more embodiments of the invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY ACHIEVEMENTS
    FIG. 1 illustrates a system 10 configured to monitor an individual's respiration 12. In one embodiment, the system 10 is configured to perform side current capnometry to determine information related to gas composition in or near the airways. of subject 12. Based on such information, system 10 determines one or more breathing parameters of subject 12 (e.g., respiratory rate, final CO2 current, etc.), identifies the respiratory events (e.g. ), identifies the malfunction and/or misuse of the equipment and/or performs other functions. To improve the accuracy of one or more of these determinations, system 10 can further implement pressure-related information in or near the individual's airway 12. In one embodiment, system 10 includes one or more sample cell 14, a detector of composition 16, a pressure detector 18, an electronic storage 20, a user interface 22, one or more processors 24 and/or other components.
    In a number of different therapeutic settings, an individual's airway 12 is involved to place a conduit 26 in fluid communication with the individual's airway 12. The individual's airway 12 is enveloped and placed in fluid communication with the conduit 26 by an interface apparatus 28. The interface apparatus 28 may surround one or more airway holes of the individual 12 in a sealed or unsealed manner. Some examples of device interface 28 may include, for example, an endotracheal tube, a nasal cannula, a tracheostomy tube, a nasal mask, a nasal/oral mask, a full face mask, a full face mask, a rebreathing mask or other interface devices that communicate a gas flow with an individual's airway. The present invention is not limited to these examples, and contemplates implementing any individual interface.
    In one embodiment, conduit 26 is configured to deliver a pressurized flow of breathable gas to the individual's airways 12. For example, conduit 26 may be in communication with a pressure generator configured to provide positive pressure support to the airways. of the individual 12, to mechanically ventilate the individual 12 and/or otherwise to provide a pressurized flow of breathable gas to the airway of the individual 12. However, this is not intended to be limiting. For example, in one embodiment, conduit 26 is in fluid communication with the ambient atmosphere.
    As used herein, conduit 26 is not necessarily limited to a tube or other hollow body that transmits the flow of pressurized gas to and/or from the interface apparatus 28. The conduit 26 may include any hollow body, container and/or chamber. placed in fluid communication with the individual's airway 12 by the interface apparatus 28. For example, the conduit 26 referred to herein may be formed as a chamber located in the current interface apparatus 28. This chamber may be in fluid communication with a gas source and/or the ambient atmosphere.
    Sample cell 14 is configured to hold gas in isolation from the atmosphere, and includes an inlet 34 and an outlet 36. Sample cell 14 is in fluid communication with conduit 26 to receive gas from conduit 26 through inlet 34 The gas is exhausted from sample cell 14 via outlet 36. The gas may exhaust, for example, to atmosphere, back to conduit 26 and/or other form of exhaust. In one embodiment, a pump 38 is placed in fluid communication with outlet 36 to carry gas from conduit 26 to sample cell 14.
    By virtue of fluid communication between sample cell 14 and conduit 26 while interface apparatus 28 is installed in subject 12, sample cell 14 maintains the gas with one or more gas parameters that are the same, similar, or influenced by the gas parameters inside conduit 26 and/or the individual's airways 12.
    For example, the composition of the gas within sample cell 14 is similar or the same as that of the gas within conduit 26. Ideally, by virtue of the operation of pump 38 which carries the gas through sample cell 14, the pressure and/or the gas flow within the sample cell 14 remains constant. However, in reality, the pressure and gas flow within sample cell 14 fluctuates somewhat with changes in pressure and/or flow within conduit 26. These pressure and/or flow fluctuations are caused by respiration. of the subject and by the pump 12. The pressure and/or flow changes within sample cell 14 caused by subject 12's breathing are typically much smaller than the corresponding pressure and/or flow changes in conduit 26. the pressure and/or flow (or parameters related thereto) within sample cell 14 can be used to make inferences about pressure and/or flow within conduit 26 and/or events that cause changes in pressure and /or in the flow inside conduit 26
    As will be appreciated, the illustration of sample cell 14 as being completely separate from conduit 26 (apart from the connection between inlet 34 and conduit 26) is not intended to be limiting. In one embodiment, sample cell 14 is formed within a wall of conduit 26. In one embodiment, sample cell 14 is formed within conduit 26 itself. conduit 26, and the connection between inlet 34 and conduit 26 is formed by a lumen connecting the two.
    The composition detector 16 is configured to generate output signals that carry the information related to the gas composition received in the sample cell 14 of the conduit 26. The information related to the gas composition may include the concentration of one or more molecular species constituents in the gas received from conduit 26. For example, output signals generated by composition detector 16 can transmit a concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2), oxygen (02) and/or other molecular species in gas within the gas cell. sample 14. Composition detector 16 may include one or more components in direct contact with the gas within sample cell 14 (e.g., located within sample cell 14) for detecting information relating to the composition of the gas. gas in sample cell 14. By way of non-limiting example, composition detector 16 may include a photoluminescent material disposed in sample cell 14 in direct contact. the one with her gas.
    Pressure detector 18 is configured to generate output signals that carry information related to pressure within conduit 26. In one embodiment, pressure detector 18 includes one or more pressure sensors disposed within the sample cell 14, between conduit 26 and sample cell 14 and/or downstream of outlet 36 of sample cell 14. In this embodiment, output signals generated by pressure detector 18 transmit pressure within sample cell 14. As mentioned above, fluctuations in this pressure can be used to infer pressure changes within conduit 26 and/or to identify events that tend to cause pressure changes within conduit 26, such as flow changes and /or pressure in or near the individual's airway 12.
    In one embodiment, a separate spur (not shown) that receives gas from inside conduit 26 can be included in system 10. This separate spur and a lumen that directs gas from inside conduit 26 to inlet 34 can be formed as a double lumen. The separate spur must be closed (eg a "dead end") to pressurize detector 18.
    In one embodiment, pressure detector 18 includes one or more pressure sensors located in direct contact with the gas within conduit 26 (e.g., one or more pressure sensors are disposed within conduit 26). Placing the one or more pressure sensors in direct contact with the interior of conduit 26 may be selectively removable.
    In one embodiment, electronic storage 20 comprises electronic storage means that stores information electronically. The electronically stored medium of electronic storage 20 may include one or both storage systems that are provided integrally (i.e., substantially non-removable) with system 10 and/or removable storage that is releasably connectable to system 10 through, for example, from a port (eg a USB port, a firewire port, etc.) or a drive (eg a disk drive, etc.). Electronic storage 20 may include one or more optically readable storage media (e.g., optical disks, etc.), magnetically readable storage media (e.g., magnetic tape, magnetic hard drive, floppy disk, etc.), storage media based on electrical charge (eg EEPROM, RAM etc.), solid state storage media (eg pen drive etc.) and/or other electronically readable storage media. Electronic storage 20 can store software algorithms, information determined by processor 24, information received via user interface 22, output signals generated by composition detector 16 and/or pressure detector 18, and/or other information that allow system 10 to function properly. Electronic storage 20 may be a separate component within system 10, or electronic storage 20 may be provided integrally with one or more other components of system 10 (e.g., processor 24).
    User interface 22 is configured to provide an interface between system 10 and a user (eg, individual 12, a caregiver, a researcher, etc.) through which the user can provide information and receive information from the system 10. allows data, results and/or instructions and any other communicable items, collectively referred to as "information", to be communicated between the user and the system 10. Examples of interface devices suitable for inclusion in the user interface 22 include a keyboard, buttons , keys, knobs, levers, a screen, a touchscreen, speakers, a microphone, an indicator light, an audible alarm, and a printer. In one embodiment, user interface 22 effectively includes a plurality of separate interfaces.
    It should be understood that other communication techniques, both wired and wireless, are also contemplated by the present invention as user interface 22. For example, the present invention contemplates that user interface 22 can be integrated with a removable storage interface provided by the memory 20. In this example, information can be loaded into the system 10 from removable storage (eg, a smart card, a flash drive, a removable disk, etc.) that allows the user(s) to customize. ) implementation of system 10. Other exemplary input devices and techniques adapted for use with system 10 as user interface 22 include, but are not limited to, an RS-232 port, an RF link, an IR link, a modem (telephone, cable or other) . In summary, any information communication technique with the system 10 is contemplated by the present invention as user interface 22.
    The one or more processors 24 are configured to provide information processing capabilities in system 10. As such, processor 24 may include one or more digital processors, an analog processor, a digital circuit designed to process information, an analog circuit designed to process information, a state machine and/or other electronic information processing mechanisms. Although processor 24 is shown in FIG. 1 as a single entity, this is for illustrative purposes only. In some implementations, processor 24 may include a plurality of processing units. These processing units may be physically located within the same device, or the processor 24 may represent the processing functionality of a plurality of devices operating in coordination.
    As shown in FIG. 1, processor 24 may be configured to execute one or more computer program modules. The one or more computer program modules may include one or more breath identification modules 40, an interface rating module 42, a breath parameter module 44, an alarm module 46 and/or other modules. Processor 24 can be configured to run modules 40, 42, 44 and/or 46 by software; hardware; firmware; some combination of software, hardware and/or firmware and/or other mechanisms for configuring the processing capabilities of the processor 24.
    It can be said that although modules 40, 42, 44 and 46 are illustrated in FIG. 1 as being co-located in a single processing unit, in implementations in which processor 24 includes multiple processing units, one or more of modules 40, 42, 44 and/or 46 may be located remotely from the other modules. The description of functionality provided by different modules 40, 42, 44 and/or 46 described below is for illustrative purposes, and is not intended to be a limiting factor, as any of modules 40, 42, 44 and/or 46 can provide more or less functionality than is described. For example, one or more of modules 40, 42, 44 and/or 46 may be eliminated, and some or all of its functionality may be provided by another of modules 40, 42, 44 and/or 46. As another example, the processor 24 can be configured to run one or more additional modules that can perform some or all of the functionality assigned below to one of modules 40, 42, 44 and/or 46.
    The breath identification module 40 is configured to identify the individual 12's breath (eg, breath transitions, breath presence, etc.). The identification of the individual 12's breathing can be based on the output signals generated by the pressure detector 18.
    In one embodiment, pressure detector 18 includes one or more pressure sensors actually located within sample cell 14. As mentioned above, pressure fluctuations within conduit 26 cause corresponding pressure fluctuations within the sample cell. sample 14. Although pressure fluctuations within sample cell 14 may be less than those within conduit 26, fluctuations within sample cell 14 may still provide some basis for identifying the breath that causes the pressure is changed within conduit 26. By way of non-limiting example, general trends in the amount of fluctuation may indicate that subject 12 is currently breathing. As another example, the pressure drops indicated in the output signals from the pressure detector 18 can be implemented to identify the transitions in breathing from exhale to inhale. Likewise, pressure increases can be implemented to identify the inhale to exhale transitions.
    In one embodiment, pressure sensor 18 includes pressure sensors located both between conduit 26 and an inlet 34, and upstream of outlet 36 (e.g., between outlet 36 and pump 38). In this embodiment, breath identification module 40 implements the pressure differential between these positions in the flow path that includes sample cell 14. When pressure within conduit 26 increases (e.g., during an inhale to exhale transition ), the pressure differential will tend to decrease. Conversely, when the pressure inside the conduit decreases (for example, during an exhale to inhale transition), the pressure differential will increase. By monitoring this pressure differential (from the output signals generated by the pressure detector 18), the breath identification module 40 can identify breaths per individual 12.
    In one embodiment, rather than placing the pressure sensors of the pressure detector 18 on opposite sides of the sample cell 14, a flow restriction (not shown) is placed between the conduit 26 and/or the inlet 34 of the sample cell. 14 with a pressure sensor disposed on either side of the flow restriction. The pressure differential between locations on either side of the flow restriction will tend to vary with pressure within conduit 26 in a manner that is similar to the pressure differential described above. In this embodiment, the breath identification module 40 monitors the pressure differential (from the output signals generated by the pressure detector 18) between the two sides of the flow restriction to identify transitions in the individual's breathing 12.
    It can be stated that the pressure differentials described above are not intended to be limiting (eg across sample cell 14 and/or via a flow restriction). Pressure detector 18 may include two or more pressure sensors disposed at any combination of locations within the flow path that includes sample cell 14 (or within a spur parallel to conduit 26) between which a flow of gas causes a pressure difference.
    FIG. 2 is a graph of the output signals of a pressure sensor similar or equal to pressure sensor 18 (shown in FIG. 1 and described above). As can be seen in FIG. 2, the pressure fluctuations detected by the pressure detector 18 allow identification of the breath, and may even allow the identification of the individual's breathing transitions. In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2, the pressure detector may include one or more sensors that generate output signals related to the flow of gas through a sample cell. This flow also shows fluctuation with an individual's breathing through a nasal cannula.
    The operation of the system 10 shown in FIG. 1 and described above for detecting breathing transitions not only works in embodiments in which gas is communicated with the individual's airway through a "sealed" interface (e.g., intubation, a fully sealed mask, etc.). For example, FIG. 3 is a graph of the output signals of a pressure detector similar or equal to pressure detector 18 (shown in FIG. 1 and described above) in an embodiment in which the gas communicates with the individual's airway through a cannula nasal, with the individual being able to breathe freely through the mouth and nose.
    Returning to FIG. 1, pump 38 can operate the gas sample through sample cell 14 in pulses. In one embodiment, the pump 38 includes a diaphragm pump controlled using pulse width modulation (PWM). These pulses can occur according to the pump motor cycle. This operation of the pump 38 can cause noise in the output signals generated by the pressure detector 18 by causing fluctuations in pressure with the pulses of the pump 38 (for example, such fluctuations can be observed in the graphs shown in FIGS. 2 and 3). In order to reduce this noise, the output signals generated by pressure detector 18 can be sampled and/or filtered at a rate or frequency that corresponds to the pump motor cycle.
    In addition to implementing the output signals from pressure detector 18 for breath identification, breath identification module 40 can further base breath identification on output signals generated by composition detector 16. Once individual 12 breathes , expiration of subject 12 at the interface device 28 causes increases in the concentration of some molecular components within conduit 26 and decreases in the concentration of other molecular components within conduit 26 (e.g., CO2 increases and O2 decreases). Likewise, the inspiration of the individual 12 causes increases in some concentrations and decreases in others.
    The interface classification module 42 is configured to determine a type of interface apparatus 28 that is to be implemented. During use of an interface device 28 that creates a sealed coupling with the individual's airway 12 (e.g., intubation, sealed mask, etc.), pressure fluctuations within conduit 26 tend to be greater and/ or more dramatic than implementations in which the gas communication between the conduit 26 and the individual's airway is accomplished through an interface device 28 that permits leakage and/or permits free breathing through one or more orifices airways (eg, the nasal cannula).
    By way of illustration, FIG. 4 is a pressure graph showing how the individual's interface type impacts the magnitude of pressure fluctuations experienced by conduit 26 and/or sample cell 14. During a first time period 48, the individual is intubated with the pathways. substantially fenced air. During a 50 second period of time, the individual is breathing through a nasal cannula, which does not seal the airway. As can be seen in FIG. 4, during the first time period 48, pressure fluctuations caused by ventilation/respiration have a greater magnitude than during the second time period 50. From this magnitude difference, an interface rating module - the same or similar to the interface classification module 48 (shown in FIG. 1 and described above) - detects that the individual's airway was enveloped by an interface device that seals the airway during the first time period 48 and was breathing through an interface device that does not seal the airway during the second time period 50.
    In one embodiment, instead of or in addition to monitoring the magnitude of pressure fluctuations experienced by conduit 26 and/or sample cell 14, the interface rating module monitors a baseline, a median and/or an average pressure . As can be seen in FIG. 4, if the interface device that is used by the individual seals the individual's airway, the minimum pressure within conduit 26 tends to be lower than the minimum pressure experienced with an interface device that does not seal the individual's airway . Based on this pressure difference within the conduit 26 caused by the different types of interface apparatus, the interface apparatus module can determine an interface type of the interface apparatus that is used.
    Returning to FIG. 1, the respiration parameter module 44 is configured to determine one or more respiration parameters of the subject's respiration 12. The respiration parameter module 44 determines one or more respiration parameters based on one or more of the signals. output generated by composition detector 16, output signals generated by pressure detector 18, respiration and/or respiration transitions identified by breath identification module 40, determinations by device classification interface classification module 42 interface (for example, sealed or not) and/or other criteria. The one or more respiration parameters determined by respiration parameters module 44 can include, for example, a final CO2 current, a respiration rate, and/or other respiration parameters.
    In determining one of the respiration parameters, the respiration parameter module 44 can determine a respiration parameter as a function of the output signals generated by the composition detector 16 and/or the output signals generated by the pressure detector 18 based in the predetermined relationships between the respiration parameter of the output signals generated by the composition detector 16 and/or the output signals generated by the pressure detector 18. For example, the respiration rate can be determined by the respiration parameter module 44 on the basis of in the predetermined relationships between the respiratory rate of the individual 12 and the output signals generated by the composition detector 16. However, the relationship between the respiratory rate and the output signals generated by the composition detector 16 may be different depending on whether the individual 12 is using an interface apparatus that seals the airway or envelops the airway without a seal.
    By way of non-limiting example, FIG. 5 shows a graph 52 of CO2 in or near the airway of an individual using an interface device that does not seal the airway, and a graph 54 of CO2 in or near the airway of an individual using a an interface device that creates a sealed coupling with the airways. As can be seen in FIG. 5, the relationship between CO2 in or near the airways 26 and respiratory rate will tend to behave very differently in these two circumstances. As such, the calculation of respiration rate can suffer if a single function describing respiration rate as a function of output signals generated by a composition detector is used, regardless of the type of interface apparatus that is implemented.
    Returning to FIG. 1, in one embodiment, the respiration parameter module 44 is configured to determine one or more respiration parameters of the subject 12 by implementing a first set of relationships between the one or more respiration parameters and the generated output signals. by the composition detector 16 and/or the pressure detector 18, if the interface classification module 42 determines that the interface apparatus 28 does not create a sealed coupling with the individual's airway 12. In this embodiment, responsive to the classification module interface 42 which determines that the interface apparatus 28 does not create a sealed coupling with the individual's airway 12, the breath parameter module 44 implements a second set of relationships between one or more breath parameters and the generated output signals. by the composition detector 16 and/or pressure detector 18, which are adapted to the interface apparatus 28.
    By way of non-limiting example, if the interface classification module 42 determines that the interface apparatus 28 does not seal the airway of the individual 12, the respiration parameter module 44 implements a first algorithm (based on a first predetermined relationship ) for the determination of the final C02 current as a function of the output signals generated by the composite detector 16. However, if the interface classification module 42 determines that the interface apparatus 28 creates a seal with the individual's airway 12 , the breath parameter module 44 implements a second algorithm (based on a second predetermined relationship) for determining the final CO2 current as a function of the output signals generated by the composite detector 16.
    In one embodiment, the interface rating module 42 can distinguish between different types of interface devices that do not create a sealed coupling with the individual's airways 12. By way of non-limiting example, the interface rating module 42 can distinguish between a nasal cannula and a non-invasive ventilation mask. In this embodiment, the respiration parameter module 44 can implement different sets of relationships between one or more respiration parameters and the output signals generated by the composition detector 16 and/or pressure detector 18, which are adapted for the various types of interface apparatus that the interface classification module 42 is capable of detecting.
    Alarm module 46 is configured to generate one or more alarms that indicate a respiratory event and/or equipment malfunction. Alarms are communicated to one or more users via user interface 22. Respiratory events and/or malfunction of equipment 5 that cause alarm module 4 6 to generate one or more alarms are identified based on signals from output generated by composition detector 16 and/or pressure detector 18. By way of non-limiting example, Table 1 below illustrates the manner in which the signals generated by composition detector 16 and pressure detector 18 can be implemented to trigger alarms related to respiratory events and/or equipment malfunction in case the interface device 28 is a nasal cannula. (1)


    By way of further illustration of the manner in which the output signals from pressure detector 18 indicate alarm triggering events, FIG. 6 shows graphs of pressure and flow within a sampling chamber during two successive breaths of an individual. In the first breath, a subject interface device is poorly installed on a subject, and in the second breath, the subject interface device is correctly installed. As will be appreciated from the graphics shown in FIG. 6, poor installation causes the magnitude and/or frequency of pressure and/or flow changes within the sampling chamber to drop. Based on a detection that the magnitude and/or frequency of pressure and/or flow changes has dropped from a level similar to that shown in the graphs in FIG. 2 or FIG. 3 to the level shown in FIG. 6, an alarm module similar or equal to alarm module 46 can generate an alarm that indicates an equipment malfunction (eg, due to poor installation) or a respiratory event (eg, an obstruction).
    In one embodiment, processor 24 implements the output of pressure detector 18 alone or in combination with any or all of the outputs of breath identification module 40, interface rating module 42, and breath parameter module 44 to the control pump 38. This is desirable if any portions of the pathway between the interface apparatus 28 and the sample cell 14 are separable. For example, input 34 of sample cell 14 can be disconnected from conduit 26. These outputs from pressure detector 18, breath identification module 40, interface rating module 42 and/or breath parameter module 44 may be implemented as inputs to a guide motor within processor 24, filters within processor 24 and/or other processing mechanisms configured to detect separation and/or disconnection of the flow path between interface apparatus 28 and the sample cell 14.
    In one embodiment, processor 24 controls pump 38 to enhance detections of pressure fluctuations from signals from pressure detector 18 (e.g., pressure detection can be more reliable without consuming pump 38). In one embodiment, processor 24 controls pump 38 to reduce the energy consumed by pump 38 during operation (e.g., in a battery-operated embodiment). Other reasons for controlling the pump 38 according to the output signals generated by 18 are also contemplated.
    Although the invention has been described in detail for purposes of illustration based on what is currently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that such details are for that purpose only and that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, it is intended to cover modifications and equivalent provisions which are in the spirit and scope of the appended claims. For example, it is to be understood that the present invention contemplates that, as far as possible, one or more features of any one embodiment may be combined with one or more features of any other embodiment.
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [0001]
    1. SYSTEM (10) CONFIGURED FOR MONITORING THE BREATH OF AN INDIVIDUAL, the system comprising: a sample cell (14) in fluid communication with a conduit (26) that communicates with the individual's airway (12), at that the conduit is placed in fluid communication with the individual's airway by an interface apparatus (28) that surrounds the individual's airway, wherein the sample cell is configured to exhaust gases received in the conduit sample cell ; a composition detector (16) configured to generate output signals that carry information relating to the composition of gas received in the sample cell of the conduit; a pressure detector (18) configured to generate output signals that carry information related to pressure within the conduit; a breath identification module (40) configured to identify the breath based on output signals generated by the pressure detector; a breath parameter module (44) configured to determine one or more breath parameters (i) based on the output signals generated by the composition detector, and (ii) based on the breath identified by the breath identification module ; and characterized in that the system further comprises an interface classification module (42) configured to determine an interface apparatus type of the interface apparatus based on output signals generated by the pressure detector; wherein the determination is based on a size of a pressure variation experienced by the sample conduit and/or cell and the determination is usable to differentiate between an interface apparatus that is configured to create a sealed coupling with the individual's airway and an interface device that is not configured to create a sealed coupling with the individual's airway, wherein the respiration parameter module is also configured to determine one or more respiration parameters based on one or more of the output signals generated by the composition detector and in the determination by the interface classification module of the interface apparatus type of the interface apparatus.
    [0002]
    A SYSTEM (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the breath identification module (40) is configured to identify the breath additionally based on the output signals generated by the composition detector (16).
    [0003]
    3. SYSTEM (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that one or more breathing parameters comprise one or both of the respiratory rate and/or the final CO2 current.
    [0004]
    SYSTEM (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises an alarm module (46) configured to generate one or more alarms that indicate a respiratory event and/or a malfunction of the equipment based on the signals of output generated by the composition detector (16) and the pressure detector (18).
    [0005]
    A SYSTEM (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the breath identifications by the breath identification module (40) comprise the breath transition identifications.
    [0006]
    6. METHOD FOR MONITORING AN INDIVIDUAL'S BREATH (12), the method comprising: receiving gas in a sample cell (14) of a conduit (26) that communicates with the individual's airways, in which the conduit is placed in fluid communication with the individual's airway by an interface device (28) that surrounds the individual's airway; generating output signals (16) that carry information relating to the gas composition received in the duct sample cell; generating output signals (18) that carry information related to the pressure inside the conduit; and identifying a breath (40) based on output signals that carry the pressure-related information within the conduit; and determining one or more respiration parameters (44) (i) based on the output signals carrying information relating to the composition of the gas received in the duct sample cell, and (ii) based on the identified respiration, characterized in that the method further comprises determining a type of interface device (42) of the interface device based on output signals that convey information related to pressure within the duct, wherein the determination is based on a size of a range of pressure experienced by the conduit and/or sample cell and the determination is usable to differentiate between an interface apparatus that is configured to create a sealed coupling with the individual's airway and an interface apparatus that is not configured to create a coupling sealed with the individual's airway, in which the determination of one or more breathing parameters is based on one or more of the output signals generated by the composition and in the determination by the interface classification module of the type of interface apparatus of the interface apparatus.
    [0007]
    7. METHOD according to claim 6, characterized in that respiration is additionally identified based on the output signals that carry the information related to the composition of the gas received in the sample cell (14) from the conduit (26).
    [0008]
    8. METHOD, according to claim 6, characterized in that one or more breathing parameters comprise one or both of the respiratory rate and/or the final CO2 current.
    [0009]
    9. METHOD, according to claim 6, characterized in that it further comprises the generation of one or more alarms (46) that indicate a respiratory event and/or a malfunction of the equipment based on the output signals that carry the information related to the composition of the gas received in the sample cell (14) of the conduit (26) and based on the output signals that carry the information related to the pressure inside the conduit.
    [0010]
    10. METHOD, according to claim 6, characterized in that the breath identification comprises the identification of the breathing transitions.
    [0011]
    11. SYSTEM (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the respiration parameter module (44) is configured to determine one or more respiration parameters based on the output signals generated by the composition detector (16) by: implementing a first set of predetermined relationships between the output signals generated by the composition detector (16) and one or more respiration parameters, responsive to a determination by the interface rating module (42) that the interface apparatus (28) ) creates a sealed coupling with the individual's airway (12); and implementing a second set of predetermined relationships between the output signals generated by the composition detector (16) and one or more respiration parameters, responsive to a determination by the interface rating module (42) that the coupling between the apparatus interface (28) and the individual's airway (12) is not sealed.
    [0012]
    12. METHOD according to claim 6, characterized by the determination of one or more respiration parameters based on the output signals that carry information related to the composition of the gas received in the sample cell (14) of the conduit (26) and based on determining the type of interface apparatus the interface apparatus (28) comprises: implementing a first set of predetermined relationships between the output signals carrying information relating to the composition of the gas received in the sample cell ( 14) of the conduit (26) and one or more breathing parameters responsive to a determination that the interface apparatus (28) creates a sealed coupling with the individual's airway (12); and implementing a second set of predetermined relationships between output signals carrying information relating to the composition of the gas received in the sample cell (14) of the conduit (26) and one or more respiration parameters responsive to a determination. that the interface apparatus (28) does not create a sealed coupling with the individual's airway (12).
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    法律状态:
    2020-06-09| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2020-07-21| B25D| Requested change of name of applicant approved|Owner name: KONINKLIJKE PHILIPS N.V. (NL) |
    2020-07-28| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2020-08-11| B25G| Requested change of headquarter approved|Owner name: KONINKLIJKE PHILIPS N.V. (NL) |
    2020-12-08| B06A| Patent application procedure suspended [chapter 6.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-02-17| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-04-20| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 11/10/2010, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. PATENTE CONCEDIDA CONFORME MEDIDA CAUTELAR DE 07/04/2021 - ADI 5.529/DF |
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